While menthol cigarettes were not found to be more toxic than regular tobacco cigarettes, a study from the US FDA found that studies showed they were harder to quit due to their 'pleasurable' taste, according to The Journal
It suggested that this may be due to a decrease in the expression level of PRKN, a key mediator of mitophagy, leading to insufficient mitochondrial clearance and the accumulation of ROS (Ito et al., 2022)
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"It is documented widely in India and abroad where the birds take the discarded cigarette butt from the ground and keep it in their nests to deter insects and ants
THE MISSING PIECES Arriving Home with Groceries Arriving Home with Groceries The first time we see Sarah smoking is found in The Missing Pieces